Session 22: Pigments
Chair: Thomas Rentschler, Evonik Degussa, DEAppearance, colour and “cost to own” are the combining topics of this session which presents new pigments systems, innovative developments considering costs and performance of tinting and pigment systems. The Nano-Particle Halo Effect, a newly recognized means by which a colloid made of micron sized particles can be stabilized against flocculation using highly charged nanoparticles is discussed as well as polyester beads to lower costs.
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Wednesday Morning 9.00 – 12.30 h
Room St. Petersburg
22.1 9.00 – 9.30 h Optimizing cost versus performance of TiO2 in coatings Steven de Backer, DuPont, US Producing paint is a very complex process with a lot of variables and trade-offs. It is often difficult to optimize the combination of parameters to produce a good quality paint at the lowest overall cost. For example, how should you compare the true cost of a cheaper ingredient that may require longer processing time to an easily processed but more expensive ingredient? When making any purchase decision, an approach known as ?Cost to Own? has been widely used in the purchase of automobiles and computer systems. Cost to Own is a financial estimate to help assess direct and indirect costs related to a purchase. This methodology has been applied to the purchase of titanium dioxide for coatings. A model has been developed to assess the Cost to Own of titanium dioxide in coatings that incorporates several factors including: -Delivered Cost -Cost to Buy -Formulation Cost -cost of all raw materials required to achieve desired coating performance characteristics when using a particular TiO2 product -Processing / Productivity cost - energy, manpower, and asset utilization costs involved in preparing the titanium dioxide for use -Inventory Cost -cost of carrying inventories of multiple TiO2 products versus a single TiO2 product for multiple coating applications This paper describes how the technical performance characteristics of titanium dioxide such as hiding power, tinting strength, ease of dispersion and photocatalytic durability interact and impact the coating producers TiO2 cost to own.  | ||
| 22.2 9.30 – 10.00 h New development considering total costs of ownership of tinting systems Luc Driessen, Evonik Colortrend BV, NL Corporate research is declining for many companies active in the coatings segment. The need for integral solutions to compete on a global scale is however growing. This growing need one solution in particular; that is on demand tinting. Systematic mapping of customer needs have lead to the creation and launch of a tinting system that can satisfy combinatorial needs for environmental compliance, reduced costs position, transparent and clever logistics, technical performance and ability for customizing when market conditions begin to change. Prerequisites for successful tinting system development is an excellent formulation know-how, optimal physical products as well as system management services. Extensive global purchase network of raw materials and of a global formulation expertise were utilized as they are key for ensuring top performance on all features that are part of a tinting system. In a multi-disciplinary approach , a team of experts achieved maximum output in record time, while simultaneously minimizing risk on flaws. The presentation will provide insights on how all features are intertwined to realize low cost of ownership for the user of an innovative tinting system. | ||
| 22.3 10.00 – 10.30 h Polyester beads as a partial substitute for titanium dioxide Jorge Moniz, Resiquimica, PT Titanium dioxide is one of the most important raw materials in the paint industry but also one of the most expensive ones. It is desirable to reduce the amount of this pigment to the lowest levels, while maintaining other properties of the paint. One means to achieve this goal is the partial substitution of titanium dioxide by polyester beads. These are prepared as a waterborne emulsion of crosslinked unsaturated polyester particles that incorporate water-filled domains. The water contained in the vesicules then evaporates creating air voids. The refractive index difference between air and polymer promotes the polyester beads opacity. In this work we have addressed the manufacture process of these polyester beads. In order to obtain a stable emulsion capable of providing the highest refractive index we need to adjust polyester properties, other raw materials and process variables, so that the best dimensions of both particles and vesicles are obtained. 10.30 – 11.00 h Networking: Refreshments & Coffee Break | ||
| 22.4 11.00 – 11.30 h Two component theory for gloss retention Bert Vanhaecht, DuPont, DE TiO2 grade is known to affect the gloss retention of a coating, but this influence can be very complex. A significant portion of this influence can be attributed to the fact that TiO2 is a photocatalyst , and that different grades of TiO2 pigments have different photoactivities and therefore paints made with different grades of TiO2 will experience different degrees of resin degradation if exposed to the same conditions. If photocatalytic activity was the only effect of pigment grade on gloss retention then we would expect the relative ranking of different grades of TiO2 to be the same in different paint systems. This is not the case, however, and "reversals" are the norm, not the exception, when it comes to ranking pigments in different paints. In addition, there is often little correlation between pigment performance in accelerated gloss retention testing compared to natural testing, and often little correlation between the ranking of pigment photocatalytic activities (measured separately in simple photocatalytic reactions) and their gloss retention performance. In this paper we describe a second property of TiO2 - beyond photoactivity - that explains these observations and allows us to better use accelerated gloss retention results to predict exterior behavior. | ||
| 22.5 11.30 – 12.00 h Deep color-travel with organic effect platelets Marc Maurer, Ciba, CH Organic pigments are well established in the coatings industry for many decades. They are well known for their high colour strength and transparency as well as for their chromatic effects. A wide range of chromophores is available these days and all kinds of imaginable shades are offered by pigment and coating manufacturers. In this mature market it becomes more and more difficult to emerge with innovative solutions and offerings. Over the past few years focus was mainly set on new formulation technologies, niche products or very specific compounds, but the impact of the latter is rather limited in comparison to the success of great discoveries like Diketo-Pyrolo-Pyrole pigments (DPP) in the late 1980?s. Finally the range of chromophores available for coatings appears to be fair in this industry and thus the largest recent innovations were generally linked to inorganic interference systems (multilayer effect pigments). With the experience acquired in both of these domains classical organic substances and inorganic effect pigments today new stylings are possible by raising the classical one?s to the level of the said effect pigments. The new effects are caused by compounds which are manufactured in form of so called ?Organic Effect Platelets?. The intrinsic color of these materials is still closely linked to their chemistry. However, the specific shape of the particles allows new phenomena to take place, which are caused by light reflexion, transmission and diffusion, so that the materials allow finally a deep color-travel. Surprisingly, many organic pigments are suitable to generate such effects. The bluish flop observed usually with Quinacridones and Perylenes can be extended considerably. On the other hand Diketo-Pyrolo-Pyrole Pigments (DPP) can develop exceptional silky effects. Exotic combinations with dioxazines were also identified with colour swapping from green to violet shades. Automotive coatings are the ideal market for this new generation of organic effect pigments. For example, in combination with aluminum flakes, the resulting attractive metallic shades are easily catching the eyes attention. The perception of robustness is increased thanks to the high chromaticity and the deep shades. The coating appears finally much thicker than in reality. | ||
| 22.6 12.00 – 12.30 h A novel system of interference pigments Adalbert Huber, Merck KGaA, DE Interference pigments are widely used for coatings applications since more than 20 years. Many improvements had been done since the introduction of this pigment class, also the number of different types of pigments increased. But still there is a need for more colorful designs and on the same time this should be done with a minimum number of used pigments. Recent development in theoretical understanding of the nature of interference pigments as well as new production technologies gave the research the possibility to go behind existing limits. Based on this a novel system of pearlescent pigments has been developed. The data for gamut optimization were obtained by spectral reflection measurements at a difference angle of ±15° from the gloss. The gamut itself was maximized by choosing the best hue values in the CIELUV system for the given number of pigments, which are generated by a by thin film deposition technique ensuring high color saturation. Therefore the novel system of pigments shows a maximum of the color gamut at a given number of pigments. Also pigments have been found which show high color saturation at hues not available so far. | ||
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